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In their book The Millionaire Next Door
, authors Stanley and Danko swipe a couple of sports-related terms and effectively introduce them to the world of personal finance.
According to the authors, individuals and families essentially have two ways to improve their financial positions. They can elect to "play offense", which means that they would set about doing what they can to make more money: asking for a pay raise, taking on a second job, or starting another business on the side.
Of the two options presented by the authors, this is the more difficult. Let's face it. Goading your boss into giving you a pay raise isn't the easiest thing in the world to do, nor is initiating another form of income. Often, the stress that accompanies "playing offense" is so trying that the entire effort turns out to be worthless.
Alternatively, people can choose to "play great defense." This occurs when individuals and families make efforts to control and downsize their spending habits. Generally it takes less effort to pull this off. Most people are quite surprised when they discover all the places that their money is slipping through the cracks. All in all, playing great defense is a matter of studying your spending habits, planning your expenses, and disciplining yourself (and your family, if applicable) to carry out your plans no matter what life throws at you.
Study Your Spending Habits
If you're serious about improving your finances, and you don't already have a copy of Intuit's Quicken or Microsoft Money for your home computer, then it's time to pony up and get your hands on one of them. These programs are absolutely invaluable when it comes to seeing what your expenses really are and where all your cash is going. Personally, I don't think it's necessary to always have the latest version of either program. I'm a Quicken devotee. My first copy was Quicken 98 Deluxe, and I upgraded that only this year to Quicken 2002 Deluxe. So the call is yours to make. But I can tell you from personal experience that the money I've spent on Quicken is probably the best $150 investment I've ever made.
When it comes to spending, we know that most of it is done by habit. So it stands to reason that much of the money we spend is being done almost unconsciously.
We'll spend $6 for lunch every day simply because that's what we've done for years; we'll spend $60 per month for long distance because it's been that much for years; we'll pay $28 for an oil change because that's what it costs at the local service department. But each of the above expenses could be reduced just by:
And all this is much easier to overcome when you have a computer program (Quicken or Money) that can generate reports to break down, categorize, and print out your expenses.
Once you've got your printed reports (in Quicken, for instance, they're called "Cash Flow Reports") in hand, showing a few months' worth of expenses, then you can easily see how much you're spending on this or that. Now in what areas can you cut back? Put your mind to good use and see what you can figure out. Some ideas (from experience) include fast-food lunches, long distance service, car maintenance, dining out, groceries and on and on.
Once you see what percentages of your money are going where, then you'll have an idea of what you're up against. And that's a start. Now you're in position to do something about it.
Planning Your Expenses: Make Frugality a Habit
Again, most spending is done by habit. And most people are not willing to put in the effort that it takes to grab control of their spending. Why? Because habits are extremely tough to break.
So what can you do? For starters, the next time you're out shopping, whether it's for groceries, standard household items, or whatever, pay attention to yourself and your family. Really open your eyes.
Discipline Yourself and Your Family
For someone like me, this is where the going gets tough. I can tell myself to remember my money discipline all day long, but it seems as though there's always that "one more thing" I need to buy. And since Target (or Barnes & Noble, or Home Depot, or whatever) is right there, on my way home from work, and it'll just take a few minutes.
Anyway, "spontaneous spending" is a common problem. So what can you do about it?
Michael Milner is a devout budgeter, fanatical reader, and freelance author who is still working to overcome the stupid money stuff he did back in his college days. His work appears at his website It's Your Money and in several financial pamphlets.
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